طاغية
Ṭāghiyah
Noun from the verb tagha, naming the overstepping of all limits and used for a tyrant; the plural is tughah
What it means
Ṭāghiyah is formed from the verb ṭaghā, to exceed every limit. Ismail al Faruqi lists it as a verbal noun, with the plural ṭughāh. In Arabic it can name the act of transgression and also the person who commits it, a tyrant who rules without regard for any bound. The Quran uses the word in the account of Thamud, who were destroyed by the ṭāghiyah (69:5), a term that commentators explain as the overwhelming blast or as the transgression that brought it on. Because the word concerns power used without limit, it is closely linked with zulm, injustice.
Often misunderstood as
That it is a purely political word for a dictator, when the root describes any exceeding of the bounds set by Allah.
Term and Arabic as listed in Ismail al Faruqi, Toward Islamic English (International Institute of Islamic Thought, 1995), p. 38, listed as ṬAGHĪYAH. The definition is restated here.