العزيز
al-ʿAzīz
One of God’s names, “the Mighty”, and the Egyptian title of an official in the story of Joseph.
What it means
In the Quran al-ʿAzīz is among God’s names, often paired with “the Wise” (2:129). The word is also used for the Egyptian official who bought Joseph (12:30) and, later, for Joseph himself as the ruler (12:78, 12:88).
Often misunderstood as
That the Quran gets the name of Potiphar wrong.
What the sources say
The Quran does not call him Potiphar. It uses a title, “al-Aziz”, which means the noble or the mighty, like “His Excellency”, for a man of high rank at the court of Egypt, as it does of Joseph later.
Term and Arabic as listed in Ismail al Faruqi, Toward Islamic English (International Institute of Islamic Thought, 1995), p. 39, listed as AL ʿAZĪZ. The definition is restated here.